Manufacture of steel castings.



J. K. GRIFFITH.

'MANUPAGTURE or STEEL GASTINGS.

APPLICATION IILBD JUNE 30, 1905. 936,623, Patented Oct. 12 1909.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB K. GRIFFITH, OF LATROBE, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTURE OF STEEL CASTINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 12, 1909.

Application filed June 30, 1905. Serial No. 267,749.

To all whom it may concern:

I Be it known that I, JAooB K. GRIFFITH, of. Latrobe, Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, have invented-a new and useful Impro \ement in the Manufacture of Steel Ca'stings, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in whicl 1 Figure 1 is casting of one form of carwheel in accordance with my invention;. and Fig. 2 is a corresponding section of the mold ready for Fig. 3 is a view similar to F ig. 2, but showing a modification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of steel castings having a rim, hub, and intermediate web or spokes ,1 and is especially designed to improve the method set forth in my U. 5. Patent No.- 790,202, dated May 16th, 1905. In carrying out the method therein described l-iemployed a central runs ner or gate having radial branch gates leading outwardly therefrom; and in practice I found that the use of these separated radial gates led to certain difficulties. principally the welding of the metal to the outside chill-ring at certain points, the liability to washing the sand and the forming "flow of the metal.

of blow-holes at points in the rim where the two streams came together.

My present invention overcomes these diliiculties, and it consists. in providing a complete annular opening for the lateral By the use of this gate open on all sides, the metal flows evenly and equally toward all parts of the circumference, there is no rapid stream flowing a vertical section showing the parts are These were through a fixed channel; no direct impinge- 5 ment of a stream of metal directly against any part of the mold chills; and consequently, there is no liability of welding to the rim or washing the sand.

Referring to the drawings, in which I show apparatus well adapted for the practice of' my invention, 2 is the head-box of a runner through which supplied to. the casting.

3 is the drag, composed of an outer chill 4;which is adapted to come in contact with and to chill the bottom face of the casting at its periphery, a central chill which in contact with the exterior of the hub portion of tlwyvheel, and a portion 6, which is i made of'non-conducting material, such as metal at this sand, and is in contact with the thinner intermediate 01' web portion of the wheel.

7 is an intermediate cheek-piece, which is also a chill and with the periphery of the wheel.

8 is the cope, consisting of an outer chill 9, which is in contact with the top face of the periphery of the wheel, an inner chill 10, which is in contact with the top of the hub, and an intermediate portion 11, of non-conducting material, such as sand, in contact with the top of the web.

The central core, according tomy present invention, is made in two parts, one part having the central gate extending through it while the other part is preferably solid and is spaced apart leaving an annular gate between the two. Thus in the form shown, 12 is the upper half of the core, and 13 is the lower half containing the main passage let for the inflow of the metal. These two spaced apart. from each other to cave the annular gate 15 between them,

through which gate the metal flows simultane'ously in all directions toward the rim.

Instead of casting the wheel by the bottom-pour system, 1 may top-pour it by perforating the upper half of the central core as shown at 16 in Fig. 3, making the lower half solid and applying the ordinary headbox 17. The annular ate 15 or 16 should be as near the center of the hub as possible; and the mold is preferably filled as quickly as possible. It will be noted that the metal is introduced into the mold through the core atsubstantially the plane of the web. This prevents the direct impingement of the metal against any part of the mold, and also (which is of place of the casting the last to solidify, thereby bringing the shrinkage to ,1 chilled in the web and at the interior of the the molten metal is 3 run. so that the fluid compression which results fromthe contraction of the periphery will be exerted inwardly in the plane of the web. I also prefer, in addition to chilling the periphery as above described, to also chill at thehub beyond the inner end of the web, causing this portion of the hub to cool more rapidly than the portion joining'the web or where the runner enters. The rapid which comes into contact great importance) makes the strong .inner compression of the'web transnntted from the contraction of the run.

, duces the liability to bloW-holes-where the which allows the metal to enter the wheel diate web, consisting in pouring the metal steel castings having a rim, a cored hub and chilling of the metal at the ends and outer sides of the hub affords a resistance to the By the term web as used in my claims, I intend to cover the portion of the wheel connecting the rim and hub, whether it be of continuous plate form orv in divided form such as spokes.

The advantages of my intention result from the use of the continuous annular gate cavity simultaneously at all points and thus spreads evenly in all directions. This gives a rapid filling, prevents welding to the chilling-ring,'avoids liability of washing, and restreams came together in the former apparatus.

1. The method of making steel castings, having a rim, a cored hub, and an intermein through a central gate in a hub core, al- 1 lowing it to spread simultaneously in all directions from said gate, and chilling the metal more rapidly at the rim than through the web; substantially as described.

2. The method herein described of making 5 an intermediate web, which consists in pouring the metal through a central runner in a hub core and allowing it to spread radially j at all points toward the rim, chilling the metal during the operation of casting more rapidly at the rim than throughout the web and inside of the rim, chilling the metal at l the hub, and maintaining communicating portions of the interior of the hub and web in a fluid condition until the rim is solidified; substantially as described.

3. The method herein describedof making steel castings having a rim, a cored hub and an intermediate web, which consists in pouring the metal through a central runner in a hub core and allowing it to spread radially I at all points toward the rim, chilling the. sides of the rim more rapidly than the web and inside of the rim, and maintaining in a fluid condition the interior portion of the web and a zone of the hub coincident with the inner edge of the web, until the rim has solidified; substantially as described.

l. The method herein described of making steel castings having a rim, a core-d hub and an intermediate web, which consists in pouring the metal through a central runner in a hub core and allowing it to spread radially at all points toward the rim, chilling thel metal during the operation of casting more rapidly at the rim than throughout the web and at the inside of-thc rim, chilling the hub portion and affording an opening be; tween the chilled portions of the hub of such width as to maintain the interior of the hub in a hub core and allowing it to spread radially at all points toward the rim, chill ing the metal during the operation of casting more rapidly at the rim than throughout the web and at the inside of the rim, chilling thehub portion and aifording an opening between the chilled portions of the hub of such width as to maintain the interior of the hub and web fluid until the rim has solidified, and confining the metal b .a core at the inside of the hub; substantial y as described. I

6. The method herein described of making steel castings having a rim, cored hub and an intermediate web, which consists in pouring the metal through a central runner in girub core into the central portion of the mold cavity and allowing it to spread radially therefrom at all points toward the rim,chilling the metal during the .operation of castin more rapidly at the rim than throughout the web and at 7., The method herein described of making steel castings having a rim, hub and an intermediate web, which consists in pouring the metal through a central runner and allowing it to'spread radially at all points toward the rim, chilling the metal during the operation of casting more rapidly at the rim than throughout the web and at the inside of the rim, chilling the hub portion at the top and bottom, confining the metal by a core at the middle of the hub, and introducing the molten metal through the core at substantially the plane of the web;

; substantially as described.

8. The herein described method of making steel castings having a run, a hub, and an intermediate web, which consists in 1ntro 1 ducing fluid metal into a disk-like space at the central hub-forming portion of the mold in the plane of the web portion to be cast, which space has uninterrupted communication with the mold space at all sides, whereby the metal flows radially in all directions into the mold, and chilling the metal more rapidly at the rim than at the hub; substantially as described. V

S). The herein described method of making castings which consists in introducing ing castings which consists in introducing f the inside of the rim, and chilling the hub molten material longitudinally into a core and then permitting the same to flow simultaneously 11 The herein described rnethod of making castings, which consists 1n introducing molten metal into a. mold cavity at the cell- 10 tr'al lane thereof, andpermitting it to flow simultaneously outward in all radial directionsin said plane from the point of introduction; substantially as described. a

In testimony whereof, I havehereunto set my hand. v

JACOBK; GRIFFITH.

Witnesses! CHAS. M. ST. CLAIR,

P. TONER. 

